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Yining County

Coordinates: 43°58′38″N 81°31′39″E / 43.9771°N 81.5274°E / 43.9771; 81.5274
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Yining County
伊宁县 (Chinese)
قۇلجا اۋدانى (Kazakh)
غۇلجا ناھىيىسى (Uyghur)
Gulja County
Yining County (red) within Ili Prefecture (yellow) and Xinjiang
Yining County (red) within Ili Prefecture (yellow) and Xinjiang
Yining County is located in Dzungaria
Yining County
Yining County
Location in Xinjiang
Yining County is located in Xinjiang
Yining County
Yining County
Yining County (Xinjiang)
Yining County is located in China
Yining County
Yining County
Yining County (China)
Coordinates: 43°58′38″N 81°31′39″E / 43.9771°N 81.5274°E / 43.9771; 81.5274
CountryChina
Autonomous regionXinjiang
Autonomous prefectureIli
County seatJëlilyüzi
Area
 • Total4,097 km2 (1,582 sq mi)
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total365,307
 • Density89/km2 (230/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard[a])
Websitewww.xjyn.gov.cn
Yining County
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese伊宁县
Traditional Chinese伊寧縣
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinYīníng Xiàn
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese固勒扎县
Traditional Chinese固勒扎縣
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGùlēizhā Xiàn
Uyghur name
Uyghurغۇلجا ناھىيىسى
Transcriptions
Latin YëziqiGhulja Nahiyisi
Yengi YeziⱪƢulja Nah̡iyisi
SASM/GNCGulja Nahiyisi
Siril YëziqiҒулҗа Наһийиси

Yining County (Chinese: 伊宁县) as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Gulja County (Uyghur: غۇلجا ناھىيىسى; Chinese: 固勒扎县), is a county within the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. The county seat is in the town of Jëlilyüzi.

Yining County does not include the adjacent city of Yining, which is a county-level administrative unit in its own right.

The county land area is 4486 km², with the population of 360,000 people as of 2004.[2]

A larger area (around 4580 km²) and population (400,000) was reported for the county 2000; this decrease and the corresponding increase of area and population for the City of Yining resulted from the transfer of the villages of Dadamtu (Uyghur: دادامتۇ, Дадамту; 达达木图; Dádámùtú) and Penjim (Uyghur: پەنجىم, Пәнҗим; 潘津; Pānjīn), with 100.45 km2 (38.78 sq mi) of land, from the County to the City in 2004.

Administrative divisions

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Yining County is divided into 8 towns, 9 townships, 1 ethnic township.[3]

Name Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Uyghur (UEY) Uyghur Latin (ULY) Administrative division code
Towns
Jëlilyüzi Town 吉里于孜镇 Jílǐyúzī Zhèn جېلىليۈزى بازىرى jëlilyüzi baziri 654021100
Döngmazar Town 墩麻扎镇 Dūnmázhā Zhèn دۆڭمازار بازىرى döngmazar baziri 654021101
Yëngitam Town 英塔木镇 Yīngtǎmù Zhèn يېڭىتام بازىرى yëngitam baziri 654021102
Xudiyaryuzi Town 胡地于孜镇 Húdìyúzī Zhèn خۇدىياريۈزى بازىرى xudiyaryüzi baziri 654021103
Baytoqay Town 巴依托海镇 Bāyītuōhǎi Zhèn بايتوقاي بازىرى baytoqay baziri 654021104
Ara'östeng Town 阿热吾斯塘镇 Ārèwúsītáng Zhèn ئارائۆستەڭ بازىرى Ara'östeng baziri 654021105
Samyüzi Town 萨木于孜镇 Sàmùyúzī Zhèn سامىيۈزى بازىرى samiyüzi baziri 654021106
Qash Town 喀什镇 Kāshí Zhèn قاش بازىرى qash baziri 654021107
Uyghur Uchon Town 维吾尔玉其温镇 Wéiwú'ěryùqíwēn Zhèn ئۇيغۇر ئۈچئون بازىرى Uyghur Üch'on baziri 654021108
Onyar Town 温亚尔镇 Wēnyà'ěr Zhèn ئونيار بازىرى Onyar baziri 654021109
Townships
Turpanyüzi Township 吐鲁番于孜乡 Tǔlǔfānyúzī Xiāng تۇرپانيۈزى يېزىسى turpanyüzi yëzisi 654021201
Qarayaghach Township 喀拉亚尕奇乡 Kālāyàgǎqí Xiāng قاراياغاچ يېزىسى qarayaghach yëzisi 654021202
Ugung Township 武功乡 Wǔgōng Xiāng ئۇگۇڭ يېزىسى Ugung yëzisi 654021203
Sadiqyüzi Township 萨地克于孜乡 Sàdìkèyúzī Xiāng سادىقيۈزى يېزىسى sadiqyüzi yëzisi 654021204
Mazar Township 麻扎乡 Mázhā Xiāng مازار يېزىسى mazar yëzisi 654021212
Ewliya Township 阿乌利亚乡 Āwūlìyǎ Xiāng ئەۋلىيا يېزىسى Ewliya yëzisi 654021214
Chuluqay Township 曲鲁海乡 Qūlǔhǎi Xiāng چۇلۇقاي يېزىسى chuluqay yëzisi 654021215
Ethnic township
Uchon Hui Ethnic Township 愉群翁回族乡 Yúqúnwēng Huízú Xiāng ئۈچئون خۇيزۇ يېزىسى Üch'ün xuyzu yëzisi 654021201

Other: Central Farm of 70th Regiment (兵团七十团中心团场)

Climate

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Climate data for Yining County, elevation 770 m (2,530 ft), (1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −0.7
(30.7)
2.2
(36.0)
11.3
(52.3)
20.4
(68.7)
24.9
(76.8)
28.6
(83.5)
30.6
(87.1)
29.9
(85.8)
25.6
(78.1)
18.1
(64.6)
8.8
(47.8)
1.5
(34.7)
16.8
(62.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −6.0
(21.2)
−3.0
(26.6)
5.3
(41.5)
13.3
(55.9)
17.9
(64.2)
21.7
(71.1)
23.5
(74.3)
22.5
(72.5)
17.9
(64.2)
10.6
(51.1)
3.0
(37.4)
−3.5
(25.7)
10.3
(50.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −10.2
(13.6)
−7.2
(19.0)
0.3
(32.5)
7.3
(45.1)
11.5
(52.7)
15.3
(59.5)
16.9
(62.4)
15.6
(60.1)
11.0
(51.8)
4.9
(40.8)
−1.0
(30.2)
−7.4
(18.7)
4.8
(40.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 26.1
(1.03)
25.9
(1.02)
27.0
(1.06)
42.3
(1.67)
35.8
(1.41)
31.1
(1.22)
29.5
(1.16)
24.7
(0.97)
17.0
(0.67)
30.9
(1.22)
43.2
(1.70)
34.0
(1.34)
367.5
(14.47)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 8.1 7.9 7.9 8.9 8.8 9.6 8.4 6.6 5.0 6.1 8.1 9.0 94.4
Average snowy days 9.8 9.4 4.7 1.3 0.2 0 0 0 0 1.3 5.7 10.5 42.9
Average relative humidity (%) 71 71 62 52 52 54 54 52 51 60 70 73 60
Mean monthly sunshine hours 147.4 159.3 212.2 242.5 292.3 300.0 319.5 304.5 265.9 220.4 144.9 131.8 2,740.7
Percent possible sunshine 50 53 56 59 64 65 69 72 73 66 51 48 61
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5]

History

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The territories were inhabited by Turkic tribes from early history. The name Kuldga was first mentioned at the period of Turkik Khanate. When the Uyghur tribes, led by Pen Tekin, left to the west, part of the Yaglakar tribe, which was part of the Uyghur tribal union, left with them.

Chagatai Khan, the son of Genghis Khan, placed the capital of his possessions here. These lands were ruled by the Dzungar until they were conquered in the middle of the 18th century by the Qing during the so-called third Oirat-Manchu war.[6] For a long time, Gulja was the de facto administrative and military capital of Qing Xinjiang (literally “New Frontiers”). The county was created in 1888 and was originally known as Ningyuan (宁远; 寧遠; Níngyuǎn) County. It received its present name in 1914.[7]

In 1952, the city of Yining was separated from Yining County into a separate county-level administrative unit.[8]

Notes

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  1. ^ Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.

References

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  1. ^ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
  2. ^ Administrative division of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture (in Chinese)
  3. ^ 2022年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码:伊宁县. National Bureau of Statistics of China.
  4. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  5. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  6. ^ Haines, R Spencer (2016). "The Physical Remains of the Zunghar Legacy in Central Eurasia: Some Notes from the Field". Paper presented at the Social and Environmental Changes on the Mongolian Plateau Workshop, Canberra, ACT, Australia. The Australian National University.
  7. ^ Yining County info, at the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture government site. (in Chinese)
  8. ^ About the history of Yining City and Huocheng County (in Chinese)
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